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- 362 Emperor Julianus of Constantinople's "School Edict" prohibited Christian teachers from using pagan literature which were standard texts for classical education at the time
- 626 Avars under khagan Bajan begin siege of Constantinople (fails, preserving the eastern Roman empire)
- 904 Byzantium city Thessalonica is sacked by Saracen pirates led by renegade Leo of Tripoli
- 1014 Battle of Strumitsa-valley: Byzantine destroys Bulgarian armies
- 1030 Battle of Stiklestad - Norwegian King Olaf II killed trying to reclaim the throne. One of the most famous Norwegian battles
- 1179 Lando Sittino proclaimed (anti-)pope Innocent III
- 1221 Emperor Go-Horikawa aged only 10 years old ascends to the Chrysanthemum Throne of Japan
Japan Beheads Emissaries
1279 Five emissaries dispatched by Kublai Khan from the Mongol Yuan dynasty are beheaded by Japan
A 1266 letter from Kublai Khan to the Japanese emperor threatening use of force
- 1560 Turkish fleet recaptures Djerba on Spanjaarden
- 1566 Great Britain executes Agnes Waterhouse, the first British woman convicted of witchcraft in Chelmsford, England
Coronation of James VI
1567 James VI is crowned King of Scots at Stirling
King of Great Britain James I and VI
- 1579 Antwerp request union with Utrecht
King Arrests Plotters
1579 Spanish King Philip II arrests plotters Antonio Perez and Princess van Eboli
King of Spain Philip II of Spain
- 1585 University of Franeker/ University of Friesland opens in the Netherlands
- 1588 Duke Farneses troops ready for invasion of England
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
1588 The "Invincible" Spanish Armada is sighted approaching England, several skirmishes follow forcing the invading fleet to make a long and costly retreat around Scotland and Ireland
English and Spanish fleets clash in the Battle of Gravelines in this historic painting by Philip James de Loutherbourg
Champlain Shoots Iroquois Chiefs
1609 Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs at Ticonderoga, New York setting the stage for French-Iroquois conflicts for the next 150 years
French Explorer Samuel de Champlain
- 1629 French colonist Samuel de Champlain surrenders Montreal to British privateers led by David Kirke after a blockade of the colony
- 1634 Dutch fleet under Johannes van Walbeeck lands on Curacao
- 1655 Biggest townhall in the world opens in Amsterdam
- 1665 Dutch VOC troops and their allies attack fort of Asaudi, driving out Makasar and Hoamoalese defenders, during Great Ambon War (modern Indonesia) [1]
- 1676 Nathaniel Bacon declared a rebel for assembling frontiersmen to protect settlers from Indians
- 1693 War of the Grand Alliance: Battle of Landen/Neerwinden - France wins Pyrrhic victory over Allied forces in the Netherlands
- 1715 10 Spanish treasure galleons sunk off Florida coast by a hurricane
- 1773 1st schoolhouse west of Allegheny Mountains completed, Schoenbrunn, Ohio
- 1773 Santa Marta earthquakes destroy much of the capitol city of Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala, New Spain (now Antigua, Guatemala); over 500 killed instantly, and 600 more die later from resulting disease and starvation
- 1783 Skaptar Volcano on Iceland erupts killing about 9,000
- 1786 1st newspaper published west of Alleghanies, Pitts Gazette
- 1793 John Graves Simcoe decides to build a fort and settlement at Toronto, having sailed into the bay
- 1794 African Episcopal Church of St. Thomas in Philadelphia, dedicated
- 1835 1st sugar plantation in Hawaii established
- 1836 Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
- 1847 Cumberland School of Law founded in Lebanon, Tennessee, USA. At the end of 1847 only 15 law schools exist in the United States
- 1848 Irish Potato Famine: Tipperary Revolt - an unsuccessful nationalist revolt against British rule put down by police
- 1851 Annibale de Gasparis discovers asteroid 15 Eunomia
- 1858 Treaty of Amity and Commerce/Harris Treaty signed between US and Japan opening Japanese ports to trade
- 1862 American Civil War: Confederate spy Belle Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, D.C.
- 1864 American Civil War: Battle at Deep Bottom Run, Virginia, 3rd and last day
- 1864 American Civil War: Battle of Macon, Georgia (Stoneman's Raid)
Society of Independent Artists
1884 Society of Independent Artists founded in Paris by Albert Dubois-Pillet, Odilon Redon, Georges Seurat and Paul Signac
Post-Impressionist Painter Georges Seurat
- 1899 1st motorcycle race, Manhattan Beach, NY
- 1899 The First Hague Convention concerning land war customs and laws is signed
- 1900 In Italy, King Umberto I of Italy is assassinated by Italian-born anarchist Gaetano Bresci
- 1902 Union of Orthodox Rabbis of US and Canada forms
Taft-Katsura Agreement
1905 US Secretary of War William Howard Taft makes secret agreement with Japanese Prime Minister Katsura agreeing to Japanese free rein in Korea in return for non-interference with the US in the Philippines
27th US President William Howard Taft
- 1907 1st helicopter ascent in Douai, France
Boy Scouts Formed
1907 Sir Robert Baden-Powell forms Boy Scouts in England
Founder of Scouts Robert Baden-Powell
- 1910 JWEL Hilgers is 1st Dutchman to fly above Dutch territory
- 1913 Independence of the Principality of Albania recognized by the Conference of London
- 1914 1st transcontinental phone link made between New York City and San Francisco
- 1914 Austrian-Hungary bombs Belgrade
- 1914 British fleet leaves Portland/passes Straits of Dover
- 1914 In response to Austria's declaration of war on Serbia, Russian diplomats and general urge general mobilization, but the Tsar calls for partial mobilization
- 1916 Cochrane and Matheson forest fire 500,000 acres (2,000 km2) in size in Ontario takes about 223 lives. Leads to improved techniques and legislation for prevention and control of forest fires. [1]
- 1920 1st successful transcontinental US airmail flight from New York to San Francisco
- 1920 Construction of the Link River Dam begins as part of the Klamath Reclamation Project, Oregon
- 1920 Mexican rebel Pancho Villa surrenders
Hitler National Socialists Workers Leader
1921 Adolf Hitler becomes leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler
- 1921 New rules of language assumed (equal rights Flemings/Walen Belgium)
- 1922 Greek troops defeat Turkish forces and are on their way to Constantinople, but the Allies forbid them taking the city
Einstein on Pacifism
1923 Albert Einstein speaks on pacifism in Berlin
Theoretical Physicist Albert Einstein
- 1923 KPD holds struggle day against fascism, in Germany
- 1927 1st iron lung installed (Bellevue hospital, NY)
- 1927 Phil Mead scores his 100th 100, Hampshire v Northants
- 1930 115°F (46°C), Holly Springs, Mississippi (state record)
- 1930 Airship R100, 1st passenger-carrying flight from England to Canada
- 1932 Great Depression: in Washington, D.C., U.S. troops disperse the last of the "Bonus Army" of World War I veterans
Bonnie and Clyde Police Shootout
1933 Police shootout with Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow's gang in Iowa, leaves one member, Clyde's brother Buck Barrow dead and one captured. Bonnie and Clyde escape.
Bank Robber and Outlaw Bonnie ParkerBank Robber and Outlaw Clyde Barrow
- 1937 Japanese troops occupies Peking and Tientsin
- 1937 Tongzhou Incident: East Hopei Army mutinies against Japanese troops and civilians
- 1942 Eastern Blvd in the Bronx, NYC, renamed Bruckner Boulevard, in honor of former Bronx Borough President and US Congressman, Henry Bruckner
- 1943 1 million inhabitants flee Hamburg
- 1943 Nazi's evacuate Hollandsche Theater in Amsterdam
- 1944 Allied air force bomb Germany for 6 hours
- 1944 Frank McCormick (Reds) HR off Ace Adams (Giants) in both games of DH
- 1944 US 4th Armour division occupiers Avranches (Normandy, France)
- 1947 Gas leak explodes in a beauty parlor, 10 women die in Harrisonburg, Virginia
- 1949 Moscow ends the blockade of West Berlin
- 1952 1st nonstop transpacific flight by a jet
- 1953 US bomber shot down by Soviet Air Defence Forces in the Sea of Japan, north of Vladivostok
- 1955 Smokey Burgess hits 3 HRs to help Pirates beat Reds 16-5
- 1955 USSR performs nuclear Test
Event of Interest
1956 Jacques Cousteau's Calypso anchors in 7,500 m of water (record)
Oceanographer, Explorer and Scientist Jacques Cousteau
- 1957 International Atomic Energy Agency formed by UN
- 1958 Southern Pacific Bay ferries stop running in San Francisco
Event of Interest
1958 US President Eisenhower signs into law National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958
34th US President and WWII General Dwight D. Eisenhower
- 1959 First United States Congress elections in Hawaii as a state of the Union
- 1961 Wallis and Futuna Islands become French overseas territory
- 1965 Gemini 5 returned after 12d 7h 11m 53s
- 1965 USSR performs nuclear Test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan
- 1966 In Nigerian counter-coup, Head of State General Aguiyi Ironsi is assassinated by a group of Northern Nigerian officers and soldiers
- 1967 Fire aboard carrier USS Forrestal in Gulf of Tonkin kills 134
- 1967 Moderate quake (6.5) strikes Caracas Venezuela causing severe damage
- 1968 Gram Parsons refuses to play with the Byrds in South Africa
- 1968 Mount Arenal, Costa Rica kills 80 in Pelee-type eruption
- 1969 Mariner 6 begins transmitting far-encounter photos of Mars
- 1970 6 days of race rioting in Hartford, Connecicut
- 1972 France performs nuclear Test at Mururoa atoll
- 1973 Greek plebiscite chooses republic over monarchy
- 1974 2nd impeachment vote against Nixon by House Judiciary Committee
- 1974 Episcopal Church ordains female priests
- 1974 France performs nuclear Test at Mururoa atoll
- 1975 Ford became 1st US President to visit Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz
- 1975 Military coup by General Mohammed leads to firing of President Jakubu Gowon
- 1976 In New York City, the "Son of Sam" kills one person and seriously wounds another in first of a series of attacks
- 1976 USSR performs underground nuclear Test
- 1978 American Penny Dean swims English Channel in record 7 hrs, 40 min; record holds until 1995
- 1981 Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Amphitheater is dedicated (Cleveland, Ohio)
- 1981 Deposed Iranian president Abolhassan Banisadr flees to France
- 1981 Former Iranian president Bani Sadr flees to Paris
- 1985 19th NASA Space Shuttle Mission (51-G): Challenger 8 launches
- 1986 Bomb attack in West-Beirut, 30 killed
- 1986 Dennis Amiss scores his 100th 100, Warwickshire v Lancashire
- 1988 FDIC bails out 1st Republic Bank, Dallas, with $4 billion
Event of Interest
1988 Gorbachev pushes plan to elect a Soviet president and parliament in March 1989
Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev
- 1988 Judge orders NASA to release unedited tape from Challenger co*ckpit
- 1990 South Africa Communist Party begins 1st legal conference
- 1993 Israeli Court of Appeal overturns (5-0) conviction of John Demjaujuk, saying not enough evidence he is Concentration Camp Ivan the Terrible
- 1994 200,000 Muslims demand the death of feminist writer Taslima Nasrin in Bangladesh
- 1994 American minister and anti-abortionist Paul Jennings Hill murders Dr. John Britton and Britton's bodyguard, retired Air Force Lieutenant Colonel James Barrett, outside of an abortion clinic in Pensacola, Florida
- 1994 Former Italian Prime Minister Bettino Craxi gets 8½ year jail sentence on corruption charges; he flees to Tunisia, never to return to Italy
- 1994 Henny Eman's Aruban People's Party wins parliamentary election in Aruba
- 1994 India army kills 27 Muslim militants
- 1994 Jesse Timmedequas rapes and murders Megan Kanka, 7 (results in Megan's Law)
- 1996 The controversial child protection portion of the Communications Decency Act (1996) is struck down as too broad by a U.S. federal court
- 2005 Astronomers announce their discovery of dwarf planet Eris
- 2009 Temperature reaches 103°F in Seattle, Washington, the hottest day on record [1]
- 2012 Tropical Storm Khanun kills 88 people and leaves 60,000 homeless in North Korea
- 2013 300 prisoners are freed after a Taliban attack in Dera Ismal Khan, Pakistan
- 2013 44 people are killed in a wave of car bombings in Iraq
- 2013 US Coast Guard opens new headquarters in Washington, DC; officially designated as the Douglas A. Munro Coast Guard Headquarters Building in honor of USCG's only WWII Medal of Honor recipient
- 2013 €103 million of diamonds is stolen from the Carton Intercontinental Hotel, Cannes, France
- 2014 100 Gazans killed overnight by Israeli strikes
- 2014 France contributes 8 million Euros in aid to Gaza
- 2015 27 people are killed and 149 are injured after a truck runs into a religious procession in Zacatecas, Mexico
- 2015 Microsoft launches Windows 10
- 2015 Mohammed Omar, mullah and Taliban leader is confirmed dead (killed 2013) by the Afghan government
- 2015 Over 3,500 immigrants over 2 days attempt to enter the Channel Tunnel at Calais, to cross into Britain
Flight MH370 Disappears
2015 Part of missing aircraft MH370 is found on the island of Reunion
Post-it notes written by well-wishers in Malaysia after Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 went missing
- 2015 Zion Harvey became the first paediatric patient to receive a double hand transplant at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Presidential Convention
2016 Hillary Clinton accepts the Democratic nomination for US President at Democratic convention in Philadelphia - first woman by a major US party
US Secretary of State, Senator and US First Lady Hillary Clinton
- 2017 Terrorist plot to bring down a plane averted in Sydney, Australia, 4 arrested
- 2018 6.4 magnitude earthquake strikes island of Lombok, Indonesia, killing at least 14
- 2018 Demonstrations calling for safer road by students begin in Dhaka, Bangladesh
- 2018 Ethiopian state funeral for murdered dam engineer Simegnew Bekele in Addis Ababa prompts unrest
- 2018 Hun Sen's Cambodian People’s Party Hun Sen claims to have won all 125 seats in country's general election with widespread criticism of a sham vote
- 2018 Palestinian teenage activist Ahed Tamimi released from prison after eight months
- 2019 Prison riot kills 58, with 16 decapitated in battle between rival factions at the Altamira prison, Para state, Brazil
- 2020 Scaled back Hajj pilgrimage begins in Saudi Arabia with no foreigners
- 2021 Chinese team of Yang Junxuan, Tang Muhan, Zhang Yufei & Li Bingjie smash 4 x 200m freestyle relay WR 7:40.33 at Tokyo Olympics; minor medallists USA and Australia also beat previous mark
- 2021 Flash floods kill at least 60 people in Kamdesh, eastern Afghanistan
- 2022 Rebekah Vardy loses her UK libel trial with Coleen Rooney in the so-called Wagatha Christie trial, over Rooney accusing Vardy of leaking stories to The Sun newspaper
- 2023 46,000 year old minuscule pair of roundworms revived from their cryptobiotic state after being frozen in Siberian permafrost - proves life can be stopped then restarted according to scientists [1]
- 2023 A 1978 Toyota Landcruiser named the 'Mud Crab" drives 7km underwater at 30ft deep to cross Darwin's harbour, likely breaking world records [1]
- 2023 Infamous lunch in Leongatha, Australia, that results in three deaths through suspected mushroom poisoning. Cook Erin Patterson later arrested for murder. [1]
- 28 Jul
- Events in History
- Jul 30
